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Poetics and Histories: To What Extent Did C. P. Cavafy Alter Historical Narratives, and for What Artistic Purposes?

stuident Name: Joseph Watson Module Lecturer: Dr Dimitra Tzanidaki-Kreps Date of Submission: 11/01/2016

Poetics and Histories: To What Extent Did C. P. Cavafy Alter Historical Narratives, and for What Artistic Purposes?

Theatricality, didacticism, prosaic verse, use of persons as symbols, contemplative mood, flashbacks are some of Cavafy’s recurring ‘tropes’. Discuss.

Within the vast poetry collection of Constantine Cavafy, arguably, a pattern of recurring tropes emerges, offering the readers an in depth understanding of what defines his artistry. The poems that I have chosen for this essay being Young Men of Sidon, Alexandrian Kings and Kaisarion, from his book The Collected poems. One might say that they serve as an example of Cavafy’s gravitation towards an array of literary devices such as theatricality, didacticism, prosaic verse, use of persons as symbols, contemplative mood and flashbacks, one might say that they create a narrative that extends beyond the individual poems, inviting us to explore the timeless themes captured by Cavafy.

Theatricality, didacticism, prosaic verse, use of persons as symbols, contemplative mood, flashbacks are some of Cavafy’s recurring ‘tropes’. Discuss.

Hyperion or the hermit in Greece

Concept, dramaturgy and performance by Dimitra Kreps

Hyperion or the hermit in Greece

In Ritsos’ Moonlight Sonata what sentiments does the woman’s confession provoke/inspire to you and how these compare to the ones felt by the young man who remains silent throughout her long monologue.

Yannis Ritsos' "Moonlight Sonata" is a poignant and emotionally charged poem that presents a deeply intimate monologue of a woman speaking to a silent young man. The setting is night, with the moonlight casting a dreamlike atmosphere over the scene. The woman's confession, filled with personal revelations, memories, and emotions, evokes a variety of sentiments in the reader and provokes a complex response.

In Ritsos’ Moonlight Sonata what sentiments does the woman’s confession provoke/inspire to you and how these compare to the ones felt by the young man who remains silent throughout her long monologue.

The form of Dramatic Monologue as perfected by Ritsos’ poetry.

Yannis Ritsos is widely regarded as one of the most significant figures in contemporary Greek poetry. He managed to revolutionise the idea of a dramatic monologue and create not just beautiful poetry, but also a multifaceted art form that has depth on psychological, social, and philosophical levels throughout all of his publications. The dramatic monologue form was popularised by Victorian poets such as Robert Browning, but Ritsos revitalised it and many poets to this day still use his style as inspiration. His ability to construct identities and characters that the reader can genuinely sense and almost experience is skilful.

The form of Dramatic Monologue as perfected by Ritsos’ poetry.

«Examine how homoerotic love is expressed in Cavafy’s erotic poetry» By Yousuf Danawi, Reading University

This essay aims to examine the manner in which homoerotic love is expressed in Constantine Peter Cavafy’s erotic poetry.Initially, it will provide a brief introduction entailing contextual information. Subsequently, this essay will bestow an intricate analysis of his erotic poems, with a particular focus on elucidating recurrent themes pertaining tohomoerotic love. The analysis will explore both the formal and thematic constituents of Cavafy’s erotic poetry, accompanied by a pervading extraction of deeper meaning.This examination will be enhanced utilising relevant secondary literature. The primary source that consists of the poems to be discussed in this essay derives from a digital anthology that comprises Cavafy’s ‘Recognised’, ‘Denounced’, and ‘Hidden’ poems

 «Examine how homoerotic love is expressed in Cavafy’s erotic poetry» By Yousuf Danawi, Reading University

ἐξ ἐρίων δὴ καὶ κλωστήρων καὶ ἀτράκτων

This essay examines that metaphor in the context of the political and war situation at the time Lysistrata was first performed. It considers traditional gender roles in the fifth-century Greek polis and Lysistrata’s inversion of those roles in her weaving analogy. Aristophanes’ comedic purpose in the weaving speech, in Lysistrata as a whole, and more generally across his corpus is examined. In addition, some observations are made about the sound pattern of Lysistrata’s speech and, in a personal argument, a speculative suggestion is advanced that the audience might have associated her cadences with the familiar rhythms of a domestic weaving loom.

ἐξ ἐρίων δὴ καὶ κλωστήρων καὶ ἀτράκτων

How does Seferis’ mythical method interact with Greece’s lasting socio-political issues?

Seferis uses the mythical method in his poetry to allude to and comment upon social and political issues in Greece in his lifetime. Before discussing his poetry, it is important to define what is meant by Seferis’ mythical method. This method can be described as allusive, as although Seferis does make direct references to myth he does so in inventive ways, for example by using narrative space, symbols and characters to evoke Greek myths.

How does Seferis’ mythical method interact with Greece’s lasting socio-political issues?

Discuss the portrayal and effects of loss in the poetry of Cavafy

My Mother's Sin and Other Stories A series of lectures on Modern Greek literature taught by Dr Dimitra Tzanidaki-Kreps This is a first class essay of one of my students, Jenny Wight, who took my course this year writing beautifully on the effects of loss in Cavafy's poetry.

Discuss the portrayal and effects of loss in the poetry of Cavafy

Discuss the portrayal and effects of loss in the poetry of Cavafy

My Mother's Sin and Other Stories A series of lectures on Modern Greek literature taught by Dr Dimitra Tzanidaki-Kreps This is a first class essay of one of my students, Jenny Wight, who took my course this year writing beautifully on the effects of loss in Cavafy's poetry.

Discuss the portrayal and effects of loss in the poetry of Cavafy

Υποθετικοί λόγοι και χρονικές προτάσεις - Γιάννης Ζηκούδης

Συνάδελφοι,
στέλνω στις Φρυκτωρίες μια παρουσίαση των Υποθετικών Λόγων στα Νέα Ελληνικά ειδωμένη από τη σκοπιά της Αγγλικής, αντιπαραβάλοντας τις αντίστοιχες συντάξεις της αγγλικής.br> Οι τύποι είναι: το πραγματικό στο παρόν και μέλλον, το απίθανο στο παρόν, το απίθανο στο παρελθόν και τέλος οι μεικτοί ή σύνθετοι υποθετικοί λόγοι (απόδοση στο παρόν με υπόθεση αναφερόμενη στο παρελθόν).
Μαζί με τους υποθετικούς λόγους, θα δείτε και την παρουσίαση των χρονικών προτάσεων που γίνεται με άξονα τον κάθε ένα χρονικό σύνδεσμο κι όχι με άξονα την χρονική σχέση (υστερόχρονο-πρωτερόχρονο κλπ). Θεωρώ ότι διεξοδική ερμηνεία των παραδειγμάτων βοηθάει στην κατανόηση της αλληλουχίας των χρόνων.

Στο τέλος κάθε παρουσίασης δίνω καθοδηγούμενη εργασία για να ασκηθούν οι φοιτητές στη γραμματική που παρουσιάστηκε στο μάθημα

Γιάννης Ζηκούδης, ΝΥ Queen’s College, City University of New York

CONDITIONALS -- If sentences

ΥΠΟΘΕΣΕΙΣ

 

ENGLISH:

 

ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΑ:

POSSIBLE

to happenin

the FUTURE.

 

 

If

+ Present ► Future/imperative

 

If I learn something, I will tell you.

If I win the money, I will buy a house.

If you see him, tell him to call me

 

Αν + Subj. Simple

Future/imperative

 

Αν μάθω κάτι, θα

σου πω.

Αν κερδίσω τα

λεφτά, θα αγοράσω σπίτι.

Αν τον δεις,

πες του να με τηλεφωνήσει.

 

POSSIBLE

to happen in the PRESENT

 

Αν + Present Present/Future/imperative

Αν κερδίζω

λεφτά, είμαι χαρούμενος.

Αν βλέπω καλά,

δεν θα αγοράσω γιαλιά.

Αν πιστεύεις

ότι είναι καλό, αγόρασέ το.

IMPOSSIBLE

to happen in the PRESENT-FUTURE.

 

 

If

+ UNREAL Past ► would + do

 

If I learnt something, I would tell you.

If Ιwon a million, I would buy

diamonds.

If I saw JFK now, I would talk to him.

 

Αν + Past Cont. θα+ Past Cont.

 

Αν μάθαινα

κάτι, θα σου το έλεγα.

Αν κέρδιζα ένα

εκατομμύριο, θα αγόραζα ...

Αν έβλεπα τον JFKτώρα, θα του μιλούσα.

IMPOSSIBLE

to happen in the PAST.

 

 

If

+ Past Perfect ► would + have done

 

If I had learned something, I would have

told you.

If I had won a million then, I would have

bought a house then.

If I had seen him at the wedding, I would

have talked to him.

 

Αν + Past Perfect θα+ Past Perfect

 

Αν είχα μάθει

κάτι, θα σου το είχα πει.

Αν είχα

κερδίσει ένα εκατομμύριο, θα είχα αγοράσει ...

Αν τον είχα δει

γάμο, θα του είχα μιλήσει.

MIXED

CONDITIONAL: combination of PAST and PRESENT.

 

 

If

+ Past Perfect (then) ►

would

+ do (now)

 

If I had bought the house then (OR: back in the sixties), I would

be rich now.

If I had married then, I would be a grandpa now.

 

 

Αν + Past Perfect θα+ Past Cont.

 

Αν είχα

αγοράσει το σπίτι τότε, θα ήμουν πλούσιος τώρα.

Αν είχα

παντρευτεί τότε, θα ήμουν παππούς τώρα.

TEMPORAL CLAUSES

Χρονικές προτάσεις

 

BEFORE

 

ΠΡΙΝ

(ΠΡΙΝΝΑ) + Subjunctive

Simple

 

I did sth BEFORE sth else happened

 

Έκανα κάτι ΠΡΙΝ ΚΑΝΩ κάτι άλλο

I got married

before I finished college.

I was hired

before I finished my studies.

 

Παντρεύτηκα ΠΡΙΝ ΤΕΛΕΙΩΣΩ το σχολείο.

Έπιασα δουλειά ΠΡΙΝ ΤΕΛΕΙΩΣΩ τις σπουδές μου.

I will do sth BEFORE sth else happens

Θα κάνω κάτι ΠΡΙΝ ΚΑΝΩ κάτι άλλο

Iʼll get married

before I finish college.

Iʼll get hired

before I finish my studies.

 

Iʼll eat sth

before I get hungry.

 

Θα παντρευτώ ΠΡΙΝ ΤΕΛΕΙΩΣΩ το

σχολείο

Θα πιάσω δουλειά ΠΡΙΝ ΤΕΛΕΙΩΣΩ το σχολείο.

Θα φάω κάτι ΠΡΙΝ (να) ΠΕΙΝΑΣΩ.

 

I do sth BEFORE sth else happens

Kάνω κάτι ΠΡΙΝ ΚΑΝΩ κάτι άλλο

I drink before I

get hungry.

I eat before I

get hungry

He sleeps before

he turns off the TV.

 

Πίνω ΠΡΙΝ διψάσω.

Τρώω ΠΡΙΝ πεινάσω

ΚοιμάταιΠΡΙΝ κλείσειτην τηλεόραση.

I had already done sth BEFORE sth

else happened

ΕίχακάνεικάτιΠΡΙΝΚΑΝΩκάτιάλλο

I had graduated

before I got married.

They hadnʼt seen

the film before they read the book.

 

Είχα αποφοιτήσει ΠΡΙΝ ΠΑΝΤΡΕΥΤΩ.

Δεν είχαν δει το φιλμ ΠΡΙΝ (να)

ΔΙΑΒΑΣΟΥΝ το βιβλίο.

I will have done sth BEFORE sth else happens

Θα έχω κάνει κάτι ΠΡΙΝ κάνω

κάτι άλλο

(ΠΡΙΝ γίνει κάτι άλλο)

I will have

finished my homework before the film starts.

I will have seen

them before they leave.

I will have

cleaned the carpet before she sees it.

Θα έχω τελειώσει τις ασκήσεις μου ΠΡΙΝ

αρχίσει το φιλμ.

Θα τους έχω δει

ΠΡΙΝ φύγουν.

Θα έχω

καθαρίσει το χαλί ΠΡΙΝ το δει.

 

UNTIL

ΜΕΧΡΙ ΝΑ

I

didnʼt do sth UNTIL sth else happened.

 

Δεν έκανα κάτι ΜΕΧΡΙ ΝΑ κάνω κάτι άλλο

I didnʼt get married until I finished

college.

Δεν παντρεύτηκα μέχρι να τελειώσω το κολλέγιο.

Ιhadnʼt

done sth UNTIL

sth else happened.

Δεν είχα κάνει κάτι ΜΕΧΡΙ ΝΑ κάνω κάτι άλλο

They hadnʼt seen the fire until the

police came.

Δεν είχαν δει τη φωτιά μέχρι να ρθει η αστυνομία.

I will have done sth UNTIL sth else happens

Θα έχω κάνει

κάτι ΜΕΧΡΙ ΝΑ κάνω κάτι άλλο (ΜΕΧΡΙ γίνει κάτι άλλο)

I will have read the book until you come.

Θα έχω διαβάσει

το βιβλίο μέχρι να ρθεις.

AFTER

ΑΦΟΥ (αφού πρώτα)

I did sth after I had done sth

else first

Έκανα κάτι ΑΦΟΥ ΕΚΑΝΑ πρώτα

κάτι άλλο (ΑΦΟΥ ΕΙΧΑ ΚΑΝΕΙ πρώτα

κάτι)

I cooked after I

had cleaned the house.

 

I drank water

after I had eaten.

I closed the

book after I had read the story.

 

I bought my

house after I had found a job.

Μαγείρεψα αφού καθάρισα / αφού

είχα καθαρίσει το σπίτι.

Ήπια νερό αφού έφαγα / είχα φάει.

Έκλεισα το βιβλίο αφού διάβασα /

είχα διαβάσει την ιστορία.

Αγόρασα σπίτι αφού βρήκα / είχα

βρει δουλειά.

I do sth after I do sth else

Κάνω κάτι ΑΦΟΥ ΚΑΝΩ πρώτα κάτι άλλο

I cook after the

child comes home.

I sleep after I

eat.

I buy sth after

I find the money.

Μαγειρεύω αφού έρθει το παιδίστο σπίτι.

Κοιμάμαι αφού φάω.

Αγοράζω κάτι αφού πρώτα βρω τα

λεφτά.

I will do sth after sth else happens

Θα κάνω κάτι αφού πρώτα κάνω κάτι άλλο (ΑΦΟΥ

γίνει κάτι άλλο)

Iʼll cook after

they come.

Iʼll talk to her

after she apologizes.

Θα μαγειρέψω αφού ρθούν.

Θα της μιλήσω αφού ζητήσει συγγνώμη.

 

WHEN

(As soon as / Τhe

moment that)

ΌΤΑΝ

(Μόλις / Αμέσως μόλις / Τη

στιγμή που)

I do sth WHEN STH HAPPENS

Κάνω κάτι ΟΤΑΝ κάνω κάτι (SUBJ.

Sim.)

I sleep when I

am tired.

I drink water

when I am thirsty.

I work when I

want to.

Κοιμάμαι όταν είμαι κουρασμένος.

Πίνω νερό όταν διψάω.

Δουλεύω όταν θέλω.

I will do sth WHEN STH HAPPENS

Θα κάνω κάτι ΟΤΑΝ κάτι γίνει (SUBJ.

Sim.)

I will sleep

when I am tired.

I will drink

water when I am thirsty.

I will work when

I want to.

Θα κοιμηθώ όταν κουραστώ.

Θα πιω νερό όταν διψάσω.

Θα δουλέψω όταν το θελήσω.

I did sth when sth happened

EKANAκάτι ΟΤΑΝ έγινε κάτι (PAST)

I slept when I

was tired.

I drank water

when I was thirsty.

I worked when I

wanted to.

Κοιμήθηκα όταν κουράστηκα.

Ήπια νερό όταν δίψασα.

Δούλεψα όταν ήθελα.

I was doing sth when /WHILE sth else was happening

ΕΚΑΝΑ κάτι ΟΤΑΝ/ ENΩ γινόταν

κάτι

άλλο (PASTCONTINUOUS)

I was sleeping

when/ while she was studying.

I was cooking

when she was cleaning.

Κοιμόμουν όταν αυτή διάβαζε.

 

Μαγείρευα όταν/ ενώ αυτή καθάριζε.

I had already done sth when sth happened

Κάτι είχε ήδη γίνει ΟΤΑΝ κάτι έγινε

I had already

slept when Μ called.

I had already

drunk a lot of wine when Μ gave

me some.

I had already read

the book when the teacher told us to read it.

Είχα ήδη κοιμηθεί όταν η Μ τηλεφώνησε.

Είχα ήδη πιεί πολύ κρασί όταν η Μ μου έδωσε κρασί.

Είχα ήδη διαβάσει το βιβλίο όταν ο δάσκαλος μας είπε να το

διαβάσουμε.

Ασκήσεις:

1.Τι θα κάνατε αν κερδίζατε ένα εκατομμύριο;

2. Γράψτε μια παράγραφο για πράγματα που κάνατε στο παρελθόν και τώρα έχετε μετανιώσει.
Λυπάμαι που του μίλησα άσχημα. Δεν ήξερα ότι θα...Αν ήξερα....Αν είχα δει......Αν είχα καταλάβει.....Αν μάθαινα....

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